Energy performance of commercial c-Si PV modules in accordance with IEC 61853-1, -2 and impact on the annual specific yield

As energy yields of photovoltaic modules are highly related to local climate and ambient conditions, it is necessary assess the energy-yield performance PV under various operating conditions. This work compares commercial crystalline silicon (c-Si) based (including mono c-Si Al BSF, PERC, multi-crystalline (mc-Si) n-type solar cells) sampled from 27 module manufacturers located in Asia-Pacific region between 2016 2022. Several test items were compared including: (i) light-induced degradation (LID), (ii) irradiance-temperature-efficiency (GTE) matrix, (iii) angular response (iv) temperature coefficients, which correspondingly performed according IEC 61215-1, -1-1, -2 61853-1, -2. The coefficient variation (CoV) was calculated express module-to-module differences within similar technology types. Benefiting technological innovation modules, emerging feature better some extreme such as low irradiance, high temperature, ratio diffuse irradiance. analysis CoV indicates that difference irradiance-dependent thermal behavior same may exceed different technologies. Using synthetic hourly meteorological data 5 sites MeteoNorm PVsyst, annual specific yield four groups simulated compared. Overall, shown maximum large 7.34% terms module's expected technology, exceeds 2.16% obtained for